A Guide to Interior Designers: Everything You Need to Know

If you’ve ever walked into a room and instantly felt calm, inspired, or at home, there is a good chance an interior designer was behind it. But what do interior designers actually do: day to day, project to project?

If you think interior design is just about picking pillows and paint colors. Spoiler alert: it’s so much more than that. From space planning and client consultations to budgets, building codes, and functionality, interior designers balance creativity with strategy.

In this beginner-friendly guide, we’ll break down exactly what interior designers do, how the role differs from decorators, and what you need to know if you are considering interior design as a career or hiring one for your home.

Who is an Interior Designer?

At its core, an interior designer is a professional who plans, designs, and manages interior spaces to make them both functional and visually appealing. However, unlike decorators, interior designers focus on how a space works, not just how it looks.

For example, interior designers consider layout, traffic flow, lighting, acoustics, safety, and comfort. In addition, they often work on residential homes, offices, hotels, restaurants, retail spaces, and more. As a result, their role goes far beyond aesthetics.

Simply put, interior designers design spaces that support how people live, work, and feel.

What Do Interior Designers Do on a Daily Basis?

Although no two days are exactly the same, interior designers typically juggle multiple responsibilities at once. First, they meet with clients to understand their needs, preferences, lifestyle, and budget. Then, they translate those ideas into functional design concepts.

Interior designers create mood boards, layouts, and floor plans to visualize the space. In addition, they research and source furniture, materials, finishes, and lighting. At the same time, they coordinate with contractors, vendors, and architects to ensure everything aligns with the design plan.

As a result, interior designers act as both creatives and project managers, balancing vision with logistics every single day.

Key Responsibilities of an Interior Designer

Interior designers wear many hats. Therefore, their responsibilities can vary depending on the project. However, some core duties remain consistent:

First, space planning is essential. Interior designers determine how furniture and architectural elements fit within a room. Next, they select colors, materials, textures, and finishes that create cohesion and balance.

In addition, lighting design plays a major role, as lighting affects mood, function, and energy efficiency. Interior designers also ensure compliance with safety regulations, accessibility standards, and building codes. Consequently, their work impacts both beauty and practicality.

Skills Every Interior Designer Needs

To succeed in interior design, creativity alone isn’t enough. While artistic vision is important, technical and interpersonal skills are equally critical.

For instance, strong communication skills help interior designers collaborate with clients and contractors. Problem-solving skills allow them to adapt when plans change, which happens often. Technical skills, such as CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software and spatial measurements, are also essential. Time management and budgeting skills ensure projects stay on track.

Ultimately, the best interior designers combine creativity with structure and strategy.

Types of Interior Designers and Specializations

Interior design is not a one-size-fits-all career. Instead, interior designers often specialize in specific areas.

For example, residential interior designers focus on homes and apartments. Commercial interior designers, on the other hand, work on offices, retail stores, and corporate spaces. Meanwhile, hospitality designers create hotels, restaurants, and resorts.

Additionally, some interior designers specialize in kitchens and bathrooms, while others focus on sustainable or luxury design. As a result, interior designers can carve out niches that align with their interests and income goals.

Interior Designer vs Decorator: What is the Difference?

This is one of the most common beginner questions and for good reason. Although the terms are often used interchangeably, they are not the same.

Interior decorators primarily focus on surface-level aesthetics, such as furniture, textiles, and accessories. Interior designers, however, are trained to handle structural planning, layouts, and functionality.

Moreover, interior designers may require formal education, certifications, or licensing depending on location. Therefore, if a project involves renovations or space planning, an interior designer is typically the better choice.

How Interior Designers Work With Clients

The client relationship is central to interior design success. First, interior designers conduct consultations to understand goals, budgets, and timelines. Then, they present design concepts and make revisions based on feedback.

They also manage purchases, installations, and scheduling. In addition, they oversee the final styling to ensure everything aligns with the original vision. As a result, clients receive a cohesive, well-executed space without the stress.

In essence, when working with a client, a great designer listens first and designs second.

Do You Need a Degree to Be an Interior Designer?

The answer depends on your goals. Traditionally, many interior designers earn degrees in interior design or related fields. However, in today’s world, alternative paths exist.

For example, some interior designers are self-taught and build portfolios through online courses, internships, or real-world projects. In addition, certifications can enhance credibility and job opportunities.

That said, licensing may be required for certain commercial projects. Therefore, it’s important to research local requirements before choosing your path.

How Much Do Interior Designers Make?

Interior design income varies widely. Beginners may earn modest salaries, while experienced designers, especially in specialized niches, can earn significantly more.

Factors such as location, experience, niche, and whether you freelance or work full-time all impact income. For instance, luxury, hospitality, and commercial designers often command higher fees.

As a result, interior design can be both creatively fulfilling and financially rewarding over time.

Is Interior Design a Good Career for Beginners?

For many people, yes. Interior design offers creativity, flexibility, and long-term growth. However, it also requires patience, learning, and adaptability.

On one hand, designers enjoy creative freedom and meaningful work. On the other hand, the industry can be competitive and detail-driven. Therefore, success depends on commitment, continuous learning, and strong client relationships.

If you enjoy creativity and problem-solving, interior design can be an excellent career choice.

Final Thoughts on Interior Designers

So, what does an interior designer do? In short, they transform spaces into functional, beautiful environments that enhance everyday life.

Interior design is not just about style. It is about intention, planning, and people. Whether you are exploring it as a career, hiring a designer, or simply learning the basics, understanding the role helps you appreciate the expertise behind well-designed spaces.

If you are ready to learn more, start exploring interior design styles, tools, or beginner-friendly courses and take the first step toward creating spaces that truly work. If you looking to buy a home or ready for a total home makeover? Check out our must-read guide: Interior Design Basics Every Homeowner Should Know in 2026.